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Article Dans Une Revue European Respiratory Journal Année : 2022

Maternal diet in pregnancy and child's respiratory outcomes: an individual participant data meta-analysis of 18 000 children

Ling-Wei Chen
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Sarah Crozier
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Matthew Suderman
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Résumé

Rationale Severe fetal malnutrition has been related to an increased risk of respiratory diseases later in life, but evidence for the association of a suboptimal diet during pregnancy with respiratory outcomes in childhood is conflicting. We aimed to examine whether a pro-inflammatory or low-quality maternal diet during pregnancy was associated with child's respiratory health.Methods We performed an individual participant meta-analysis among 18 326 mother–child pairs from seven European birth cohorts. Maternal pro-inflammatory and low-quality diets were estimated by energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores. Preschool wheezing and school-age asthma were measured using questionnaires and lung function by spirometry.Results! After adjustment for lifestyle and sociodemographic factors, we observed that a higher maternal E-DII score (a more pro-inflammatory diet) during pregnancy was associated only with a lower forced vital capacity (FVC) in children (z-score difference −0.05, 95% CI −0.08– −0.02, per interquartile range increase). No linear associations of the maternal E-DII or DASH score with child's wheezing or asthma were observed. In an exploratory examination of the extremes, a very low DASH score (<10th percentile) (a very low dietary quality) was associated with an increased risk of preschool wheezing and a low forced expiratory volume in 1 s/FVC (z-score <−1.64) (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.06–1.36 and z-score difference 1.40, 95% CI 1.06–1.85, compared to ≥10th percentile), with corresponding population attributable risk fractions of 1.7% and 3.3%, respectively. Conclusion The main results from this individual participant data meta-analysis do not support the hypothesis that maternal pro-inflammatory or low-quality diet in pregnancy are related to respiratory diseases in childhood.
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hal-03676074 , version 1 (23-05-2022)

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Sara Mensink-Bout, Evelien van Meel, Johan de Jongste, Isabella Annesi‐maesano, Adrien M Aubert, et al.. Maternal diet in pregnancy and child's respiratory outcomes: an individual participant data meta-analysis of 18 000 children. European Respiratory Journal, 2022, 59 (4), pp.2101315. ⟨10.1183/13993003.01315-2021⟩. ⟨hal-03676074⟩
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