The carbon balance of Africa: Synthesis of recent research studies, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci, vol.369, pp.2038-2057, 2011. ,
Variability and recent trends in the African terrestrial carbon balance, Biogeosciences, vol.6, pp.1935-1948, 2009. ,
, A full greenhouse gases budget of Africa: Synthesis, uncertainties, and vulnerabilities, vol.11, pp.381-407, 2014.
Africa and the global carbon cycle. Carbon Balance Manag, vol.2, 2007. ,
, Remote Sens, vol.12, p.1637, 2020.
A large and persistent carbon sink in the world's forests. Larg. Persistent Carbon Sink World For, vol.333, pp.988-993, 2011. ,
An assessment of forest biomass maps in Europe using harmonized national statistics and inventory plots, For. Ecol. Manag, vol.409, pp.489-498, 2018. ,
Upscaling Forest Biomass from Field to Satellite Measurements: Sources of Errors and Ways to Reduce Them, Surv. Geophys, vol.40, pp.881-911, 2019. ,
Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Tropospheric Clouds observed by MODIS onboard the Terra and Aqua Satellites, Four. Transform. Spectrosc. Hyperspec. Imaging Sound. Env, vol.51, pp.3826-3852, 2005. ,
Amazon forests maintain consistent canopy structure and greenness during the dry season, Nature, vol.506, pp.221-224, 2014. ,
Classification and Change Detection Using Landsat TM Data, Remote. Sens. Environ, vol.75, pp.230-244, 2001. ,
Improving pantropical forest carbon maps with airborne LiDAR sampling. Carbon Manag, vol.4, pp.591-600, 2013. ,
Mapping tropical forest carbon: Calibrating plot estimates to a simple LiDAR metric, Remote. Sens. Environ, vol.140, pp.614-624, 2014. ,
Spatial Distribution of Carbon Stored in Forests of the Democratic Republic of Congo ,
Tropical forest carbon assessment: Integrating satellite and airborne mapping approaches, Environ. Res. Lett, 2009. ,
Forest aboveground biomass stock and resilience in a tropical landscape of Thailand, Biogeosciences, vol.2020, pp.121-134 ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02404726
Using repeated small-footprint LiDAR acquisitions to infer spatial and temporal variations of a high-biomass Neotropical forest, Remote. Sens. Environ, vol.169, pp.93-101, 2015. ,
Determinants of Aboveground Biomass across an Afromontane Landscape Mosaic in Kenya, Remote. Sens, vol.9, 2017. ,
Carbon declines along tropical forest edges correspond to heterogeneous effects on canopy structure and function, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2020, vol.117, pp.7863-7870 ,
Estimating aboveground biomass of the mangrove forests on northeast Hainan Island in China using an upscaling method from field plots, Uav-Lidar data and Sentinel-2 imagery, Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinform, vol.85, 2020. ,
High-fidelity national carbon mapping for resource management and REDD, Carbon Balance Manag, vol.8, issue.7, 2013. ,
Object-Based Mapping of Aboveground Biomass in Tropical Forests Using LiDAR and Very-High-Spatial-Resolution Satellite Data, Remote. Sens, vol.10, 2018. ,
Estimated carbon dioxide emissions from tropical deforestation improved by carbon-density maps, Nat. Clim. Chang, vol.2, pp.182-185, 2012. ,
Monitoring tropical forest carbon stocks and emissions using Planet satellite data, Sci. Rep, vol.9, pp.17831-17912, 2019. ,
Mapped aboveground carbon stocks to advance forest conservation and recovery in Malaysian Borneo, Boil. Conserv, vol.217, pp.289-310, 2018. ,
, Remote Sens, vol.12, 2020.
, Ipcc Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, vol.IPCC, 2006.
Using a Finer Resolution Biomass Map to Assess the Accuracy of a Regional, Map-Based Estimate of Forest Biomass, Surv. Geophys, vol.40, pp.1001-1015, 2019. ,
Atlas Of Agriculture; International Association of Agricultural Economists/Committee for the World Atlas of Agriculture, 1976. ,
, Echelles des Précipitations et du Couvert Végétal au Cameroun: Analyses Spatiales, Tendances Temporelles, Facteurs Climatiques et Anthropiques de Variabilité du NDVI
, Food andAgriculture Organization (FAO), Unesco Soil Map of the World, vol.1, 1977.
Afforestation of savannah with cocoa agroforestry systems: A small-farmer innovation in central Cameroon, Agrofor. Syst, vol.86, pp.493-504, 2012. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02650125
Prairies et Pâturages Méthodes d'Etude de Terrain et Interprétations ,
Umr Selment (Systèmes d, Elevage Méditerranéens et Tropicaux), p.955, 2010. ,
Biomass: An package for estimating above-ground biomass and its uncertainty in tropical forests, Methods Ecol. Evol, vol.8, pp.1163-1167, 2017. ,
Airborne LiDAR Data Manipulation and Visualization for Forestry Applications ,
, Methods Compendium of MERIS FR Biophysical Products. GISci. Remote Sens, p.52, 2014.
Atmospheric Transmittance/Radiance: Computer Code Lowtran 5, Atmos. Trans. Rad. Com. Code Low, 1980. ,
Prpspect: A model of leaf optical properties spectra, Remote. Sens. Environ, vol.34, pp.75-91, 1990. ,
Light scattering by leaf layers with application to canopy reflectance modeling: The Sail model, Remote. Sens. Environ, vol.16, pp.125-141, 1984. ,
Towards a worldwide wood economics spectrum, Ecol. Lett, vol.12, pp.351-366, 2009. ,
Global Wood Density Database, p.16, 2009. ,
Improved allometric models to estimate the aboveground biomass of tropical trees, Glob. Chang. Boil, vol.20, pp.3177-3190, 2014. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02063299
Harvesting tree biomass at the stand level to assess the accuracy of field and airborne biomass estimation in savannas, Ecol. Appl, vol.23, pp.1170-1184, 2013. ,
Relationships between leaf pigment content and spectral reflectance across a wide range of species, leaf structures and developmental stages, Remote. Sens. Environ, vol.81, pp.337-354, 2002. ,
Red and photographic infrared linear combinations for monitoring vegetation, Remote Sens. Environ, vol.8, pp.127-150, 1979. ,
Overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of the MODIS vegetation indices, Remote. Sens. Environ, vol.83, pp.195-213, 2002. ,
Derivation of Leaf-Area Index from Quality of Light on the Forest Floor, Ecology, vol.50, pp.663-666, 1969. ,
, Remote Sens, vol.12, 2020.
Evaluating the capabilities of Sentinel-2 for quantitative estimation of biophysical variables in vegetation, ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote. Sens, vol.82, pp.83-92, 2013. ,
Estimating carbon dioxide exchange rates at contrasting northern peatlands using MODIS satellite data, Remote. Sens. Environ, vol.137, pp.234-243, 2013. ,
Geospatial quantification and analysis of environmental changes in urbanizing city of Kolkata, Environ. Monit. Assess, vol.187, 2014. ,
Design-Based and Model-Based Inference in Survey Sampling ,
, , vol.5, pp.27-52, 1978.
Random forests, Mach. Learn, vol.45, pp.5-32, 2001. ,
Classification and Regression by randomForest, R News, vol.2, pp.18-22, 2002. ,
Random forest in remote sensing: A review of applications and future directions, ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens, vol.114, pp.24-31, 2016. ,
Importance of spatial predictor variable selection in machine learning applications-Moving from data reproduction to spatial prediction, Ecol. Modell, p.411, 2019. ,
An above-ground biomass map of African savannahs and woodlands at 25 m resolution derived from Alos Palsar, Remote. Sens. Environ, vol.206, pp.156-173, 2018. ,
Remote sensing of aboveground forest biomass: A review, Trop. Ecol, vol.57, pp.125-132, 2016. ,
Improving the estimate of forest biomass carbon storage by combining two forest inventory systems, Scand. J. For. Res, vol.32, pp.1-9, 2016. ,
The European Space Agency Biomass mission: Measuring forest above-ground biomass from space, Remote. Sens. Environ, vol.227, pp.44-60, 2019. ,
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02609425
, This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI