R. D. Barrett, R. C. Maclean, and G. Bell, Experimental evolution of pseudomonas fluorescens in simple and complex environments, Am. Nat, vol.166, pp.470-480, 2005.

G. Bell, Selection: The Mechanism of Evolution, 1997.

G. Bell, Fluctuating selection: the perpetual renewal of adaptation in variable environments, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci, vol.365, pp.87-97, 2010.

A. F. Bennett, R. E. Lenski, and J. E. Mittler, Evolutionary adaptation to temperature. I. Fitness responses of Escherichia coli to changes in its thermal environment, Evolution, vol.46, pp.16-30, 1992.

B. R. Bettencourt, M. E. Feder, and S. Cavicchi, Experimental evolution of hsp70 expression and thermotolerance in drosophila melanogaster, Evolution, vol.53, pp.484-492, 1999.

S. Cavicchi, D. Guerra, V. Latorre, and R. B. Huey, Chromosomal analysis of heat-shock tolerance in drosophila-melanogaster evolving at different temperatures in the laboratory, Evolution, vol.49, pp.676-684, 1995.

A. B. Duncan, S. Fellous, R. Accot, M. Alart, A. Chantung-sobandi et al., Parasite-mediated osmotic stress protection of paramecium caudatum infected by holospora undulata is host genotype specific, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol, vol.74, pp.353-360, 2010.

M. E. Feder and G. E. Hofmann, Heat-shock proteins, molecular chaperones, and the stress response: evolutionary and ecological physiology, Ann. Rev. Physiol, vol.61, pp.243-282, 1999.

D. Fels and O. Kaltz, Temperature-dependent transmission and latency of holospora undulata, a micronucleus-specific parasite of the ciliate paramecium caudatum, Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci, vol.273, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00087919

T. Hennessey and D. L. Nelson, Thermosensory behavior in parameciumtetraurelia e quantitative assay and some factors that influence thermal avoidance, J. Gen. Microbiol, vol.112, pp.337-347, 1979.

C. M. Jessup, R. Kassen, S. E. Forde, B. Kerr, . Buckling et al., Big questions, small worlds: microbial model systems in ecology, Trends Ecol. Evol, vol.19, pp.189-197, 2004.

R. Kassen, The experimental evolution of specialists, generalists, and the maintenance of diversity, J. Evol. Biol, vol.15, pp.173-190, 2002.

R. Kassen and G. Bell, Experimental evolution in chlamydomonas. Iv. Selection in environments that vary through time at different scales, Heredity, vol.80, pp.732-741, 1998.

T. J. Kawecki and D. Ebert, Conceptual issues in local adaptation, Ecol. Lett, vol.7, pp.1225-1241, 2004.

T. Ketola, J. Laakso, V. Kaitala, and S. Airaksinen, Evolution of hsp90 expression in tetrahymena thermophila (protozoa, ciliata) populations exposed to thermally variable environments, Evolution, vol.58, pp.741-748, 2004.

M. Legros and J. C. Koella, Experimental evolution of specialization by a microsporidian parasite, BMC Evol. Biol, vol.10, p.159, 2010.

T. Lenormand, D. Roze, and F. Rousset, Stochasticity in evolution, Trends Ecol. Evol, vol.24, pp.157-165, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00418964

A. M. Leroi, A. F. Bennett, and R. E. Lenski, Temperature acclimation and competitive fitness: an experimental test of the beneficial acclimation assumption, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci, 1994.

R. Levins, Evolution in Changing Environments, 1968.

R. C. Maclean and G. Bell, Experimental adaptive radiation in Pseudomonas, Am. Nat, vol.160, pp.569-581, 2002.

T. Nidelet, L'effet de la structuration spatiale et de l'hétérogénéité environnementale sur les interactions hôte-parasite: Une approche d'évolution expérimentale et d'épidémiologie. UPMC, 2007.

X. Reboud and G. Bell, Experimental evolution in chlamydomonas. Iii. Evolution of specialist and generalist types in environments that vary in space and time, Heredity, vol.78, pp.507-514, 1997.

, Jmp Statistics and Graphics Guide (Version 8.0.1.). SAS Institute, SAS, 2008.

T. Sasaki, Y. Konoha, T. Toyoda, Y. Yasaka, E. Przybos et al., Correlation between thermotolerance and membrane properties in paramecium aurelia, J. Exp. Biol, vol.209, pp.3580-3586, 2006.

J. G. Sorensen, T. N. Kristensen, and V. Loeschcke, The evolutionary and ecological role of heat shock proteins, Ecol. Lett, vol.6, pp.1025-1037, 2003.

S. C. Stearns, Daniel bernoulli (1738): evolution and economics under risk, J. Biosci, vol.25, pp.221-228, 2000.

T. Toyoda, Y. Hiramatsu, T. Sasaki, and Y. Nakaoka, Thermo-sensitive response based on the membrane fluidity adaptation in paramecium multimicronucleatum, J. Exp. Biol, vol.212, pp.2767-2772, 2009.

H. Tsukuda and Y. Takeuchi, Heat-resistance and contractile vacuolar activity of paramecium-caudatum acclimated to different temperatures, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Physiol, vol.77, pp.641-645, 1984.

R. Wichterman, The Biology of Paramecium, 1986.