P. Bastien, E. Jumas-bilak, E. Varlet-marie, and P. Marty, Three years of multi-laboratory external quality control for the molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in amniotic fluid in France, Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Off. Publ. Eur. Soc. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis, vol.13, pp.430-433, 2007.

P. Procop, G. W. Reischl, and U. , Quantitative real-time PCR is not more sensitive than "conventional, PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.46, pp.1897-1900, 2008.

S. Belaz, J. Gangneux, P. Dupretz, C. Guiguen, and F. Robert-gangneux, A 10-year retrospective comparison of two target sequences, REP-529 and B1, for Toxoplasma gondii detection by quantitative PCR, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.53, pp.1294-1300, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01118293

M. P. Brenier-pinchart, V. Morand-bui, H. Fricker-hidalgo, V. Equy, R. Marlu et al., Adapting a conventional PCR assay for Toxoplasma gondii detection to real-time quantitative PCR including a competitive internal control, Parasite Paris Fr, vol.14, pp.149-154, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00171531

S. Bretagne, J. M. Costa, M. Vidaud, J. Tran, V. Nhieu et al., Detection of Toxoplasma gondii by competitive DNA amplification of bronchoalveolar lavage samples, J. Infect. Dis, vol.168, pp.1585-1588, 1993.

S. P. Buckwalter, L. M. Sloan, S. A. Cunningham, M. J. Espy, J. R. Uhl et al., Inhibition controls for qualitative realtime PCR assays: are they necessary for all specimen matrices?, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.52, pp.2139-2143, 2014.

S. Cassaing, M. H. Bessières, A. Berry, A. Berrebi, R. Fabre et al., Comparison between two amplification sets for molecular diagnosis of toxoplasmosis by real-time PCR, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.44, pp.720-724, 2006.

E. Chabbert, L. Lachaud, L. Crobu, and P. Bastien, Comparison of two widely used PCR primer systems for detection of toxoplasma in amniotic fluid, blood, and tissues, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.42, pp.1719-1722, 2004.

J. Costa and S. Bretagne, Variation of B1 gene and AF146527 repeat element copy numbers according to Toxoplasma gondii strains assessed using real-time quantitative PCR, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.50, pp.1452-1454, 2012.

J. M. Costa, P. Ernault, E. Gautier, and S. Bretagne, Prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis by duplex real-time PCR using fluorescence resonance energy transfer hybridization probes, Prenat. Diagn, vol.21, pp.85-88, 2001.

J. M. Costa, C. Pautas, P. Ernault, F. Foulet, C. Cordonnier et al., Real-time PCR for diagnosis and follow-up of Toxoplasma reactivation after allogeneic stem cell transplantation using fluorescence resonance energy transfer hybridization probes, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.38, pp.2929-2932, 2000.

S. Daval, P. Poirier, J. Armenaud, M. Cambon, and V. Livrelli, Development of a real-time PCR assay for quantitative diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, 2010.

, Pathol. Biol, vol.58, pp.104-109

C. T. De-oliveira-azevedo, P. E. Do-brasil, L. Guida, and M. E. Lopes-moreira, Performance of Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis of the Amniotic Fluid of Pregnant Women for Diagnosis of Congenital Toxoplasmosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, PloS One, vol.11, 2016.

B. Faucher, F. Miermont, S. Ranque, J. Franck, and R. Piarroux, Optimization of Toxoplasma gondii DNA extraction from amniotic fluid using NucliSENS easyMAG and comparison with QIAamp DNA minikit, Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis, vol.31, pp.1035-1039, 2012.

A. Fekkar, B. Bodaghi, F. Touafek, P. Le-hoang, D. Mazier et al., Comparison of immunoblotting, calculation of the Goldmann-Witmer coefficient, and real-time PCR using aqueous humor samples for diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis, 2008.

, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.46, pp.1965-1967

D. Filisetti, Y. Sterkers, M. Brenier-pinchart, S. Cassaing, F. Dalle et al., Multicentric comparative assessment of the bio-evolution Toxoplasma gondii detection kit with eight laboratory-developed PCR assays for molecular diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.53, pp.29-34, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02191310

J. Howick, P. Glasziou, and J. K. Aronson, The evolution of evidence hierarchies: what can Bradford Hill's "guidelines for causation" contribute?, J. R. Soc. Med, vol.102, pp.186-194, 2009.

J. F. Huggett, T. Novak, J. A. Garson, C. Green, S. D. Morris-jones et al., Differential susceptibility of PCR reactions to inhibitors: an important and unrecognised phenomenon, BMC Res. Notes, vol.1, p.70, 2008.

K. Kaiser, A. M. Van-loon, H. Pelloux, J. Ferrandiz, S. Picot et al., Multicenter proficiency study for detection of Toxoplasma gondii in amniotic fluid by nucleic acid amplification methods, Clin. Chim. Acta, vol.375, pp.99-103, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00171220

O. Kupferschmidt, D. Krüger, T. K. Held, H. Ellerbrok, W. Siegert et al., Quantitative detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in human body fluids by TaqMan polymerase chain reaction, Clin. Microbiol. Infect, vol.7, pp.120-124, 2001.

M. Lélu, I. Villena, M. Dardé, D. Aubert, R. Geers et al., Quantitative estimation of the viability of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in soil, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, vol.78, pp.5127-5132, 2012.

M. H. Lin, T. C. Chen, T. T. Kuo, C. C. Tseng, and C. P. Tseng, Real-time PCR for quantitative detection of Toxoplasma gondii, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.38, pp.4121-4125, 2000.

J. Menotti, Y. J. Garin, .. Thulliez, P. Sérugue, M. Stanislawiak et al., Evaluation of a new 5'-nuclease real-time PCR assay targeting the Toxoplasma gondii AF146527 genomic repeat, Clin. Microbiol. Infect, vol.16, pp.363-368, 2010.

H. Pelloux, J. Weiss, J. Simon, F. Muet, H. Fricker-hidalgo et al., A new set of primers for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii in amniotic fluid using polymerase chain reaction, FEMS Microbiol. Lett, vol.138, pp.11-15, 1996.

A. M. Pionzio and B. R. Mccord, The effect of internal control sequence and length on the response to PCR inhibition in real-time PCR quantitation, Forensic Sci. Int. Genet, vol.9, pp.55-60, 2014.

C. Pomares and J. G. Montoya, Laboratory Diagnosis of Congenital Toxoplasmosis, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.54, pp.2448-2454, 2016.

U. Reischl, S. Bretagne, D. Krüger, P. Ernault, J. Costa et al., Comparison of two DNA targets for the diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis by real-time PCR using fluorescence resonance energy transfer hybridization probes, Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis, vol.3, pp.330-339, 2003.

F. Robert-gangneux, M. Brenier-pinchart, H. Yera, S. Belaz, E. Varlet-marie et al., Molecular Biology Study Group of the French National Reference Center for Toxoplasmosis, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.55, pp.1369-1376, 2017.

F. Robert-gangneux, P. Dupretz, C. Yvenou, D. Quinio, P. Poulain et al., Clinical relevance of placenta examination for the diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis, Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J, vol.29, pp.33-38, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00660314

Y. Sterkers, E. Varlet-marie, S. Cassaing, M. P. Brenier-pinchart, S. Brun et al., Multicentric comparative analytical performance study for molecular detection of low amounts of Toxoplasma gondii from simulated specimens, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.48, pp.3216-3222, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02421520

Y. Sterkers, E. Varlet-marie, P. Marty, P. Bastien, and . Anofel-toxoplasma, Diversity and evolution of methods and practices for the molecular diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis in France: a 4-year survey, Clin. Microbiol. Infect, vol.16, pp.1594-1602, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00926755

H. Talabani, M. Asseraf, H. Yera, E. Delair, T. Ancelle et al., Contributions of immunoblotting, real-time PCR, and the Goldmann-Witmer coefficient to diagnosis of atypical toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.47, pp.2131-2135, 2009.

L. R. Tomasoni, V. Meroni, C. Bonfanti, L. Bollani, P. Lanzarini et al., Multidisciplinary approach to congenital Toxoplasma infection: an Italian nationwide survey, New Microbiol, vol.37, pp.347-354, 2014.

E. Varlet-marie, Y. Sterkers, M. Brenier-pinchart, S. Cassaing, F. Dalle et al., Characterization and multicentric validation of a common standard for Toxoplasma gondii detection using nucleic acid amplification assays, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.52, pp.3952-3959, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02417561

T. Wahab, B. Edvinsson, D. Palm, and J. Lindh, Comparison of the AF146527 and B1 repeated elements, two real-time PCR targets used for detection of Toxoplasma gondii, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.48, pp.591-592, 2010.

J. O. Westgard, P. L. Barry, M. R. Hunt, and T. Groth, A multi-rule Shewhart chart for quality control in clinical chemistry, Clin. Chem, vol.27, pp.493-501, 1981.

H. Yera, D. Filisetti, P. Bastien, T. Ancelle, P. Thulliez et al., Multicenter comparative evaluation of five commercial methods for Toxoplasma DNA extraction from amniotic fluid, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.47, pp.3881-3886, 2009.

S. Daval, P. Poirier, J. Armenaud, M. Cambon, and V. Livrelli, Development of a real-time PCR assay for quantitative diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, Pathol. Biol, vol.58, pp.104-109, 2010.

M. Lélu, I. Villena, M. Dardé, D. Aubert, R. Geers et al., Quantitative estimation of the viability of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in soil, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, vol.78, pp.5127-5132, 2012.

M. H. Lin, T. C. Chen, T. T. Kuo, C. C. Tseng, and C. P. Tseng, Real-time PCR for quantitative detection of Toxoplasma gondii, J. Clin. Microbiol, vol.38, pp.4121-4125, 2000.

U. Reischl, S. Bretagne, D. Krüger, P. Ernault, and J. Costa, Comparison of two DNA targets for the diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis by real-time PCR using fluorescence resonance energy transfer hybridization probes, BMC Infect. Dis, vol.3, p.7, 2003.