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            <title xml:lang="en">Plant communities of high-Andean wetlands of the Cordillera Real (Bolivia) in the face of global warming</title>
            <title xml:lang="es">Comunidades vegetales de los bofedales de la Cordillera Real (Bolivia) bajo el calentamiento global</title>
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                <forename type="first">Rosa Isela</forename>
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            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Ecologia en Bolivia&lt;/i&gt;, 2015, 50 (1), pp.39-56</idno>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Plant communities of high-Andean wetlands of the Cordillera Real (Bolivia) in the face of global warming</title>
                <title xml:lang="es">Comunidades vegetales de los bofedales de la Cordillera Real (Bolivia) bajo el calentamiento global</title>
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                    <forename type="first">Rosa Isela</forename>
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                    <surname>Anthelme</surname>
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                <title level="j">Ecologia en Bolivia</title>
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                  <publisher>Revista del Instituto de Ecología</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">50</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">39-56</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2015</date>
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                <term xml:lang="en">RETRAIT DES GLACIERS</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">CORDILLERE ROYALE</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">ANDES</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">BOLIVIE</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">ESPECE INDICATRICE</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">ZONE HUMIDE</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">GLACIER</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">DIVERSITE SPECIFIQUE</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">ENVIRONNEMENT</term>
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              <p>High-Andean wetlands (bofedales) are one of the most threatened ecosystems in the face of global warming. Given the close relationship between bofedales and water, it is expected that glacial retreat will cause their gradual shrinkage. With three proxies of climate change (bofedal area, glacier influence and elevation) we inferred how these changes may affect plant communities. The hypotheses were 1) that loss in the area of bofedales should reduce plant diversity - the glacier influence and elevation could affect this relationship through effect on environmental heterogeneity and diversity - and 2) glacial retreat may indirectly affect diversity through changes in dominant species. We measured ? and ? additive diversity of plants in 20 bofedales (&gt;4.400 m) in the Cordillera Real (Bolivia). Sixty three species were found (species richness: 5-22 /plot 1 m2). Variations in bofedales área and glacial influence weren't correlated with vegetation changes whereas diversity reduced at higher elevation. In reference to our second hypothesis, leaves of Oxychloe andina were shown more resistant to drought stress because of its higher leaf dry mass content (LDMC) than the other cushions, indicating that the bofedales dominated by O. andina may be drier and the communities are dominated by species that also can be found in drier environments. In contrast, communities of Distichia spp. are less tolerant to water déficit. If glacial retreat reduces water availability in the coming decades, the bofedales of O. andina may be more abundant at the expense of Distichia spp. creating challenges for the biodiversity conservation</p>
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              <p>Los humedales altoandinos (bofedales) son uno de los más amenazados frente al calentamiento global. Dada la estrecha relación entre bofedales y agua, el retroceso glacial podrá causar su contracción. Con tres proxis del cambio climático (área de bofedales, influencia glaciar y altitud) se infirió indirectamente cómo éstos pueden afectar a las comunidades vegetales. Las hipótesis fueron 1) que la reducción del área del bofedal podría afectar negativamente la diversidad de plantas - la influencia glaciar y la altitud podrían afectar ésta relación por su efectos en la heterogeneidad ambiental y la diversidad – y 2) que el retroceso glacial puede afectar indirectamente la diversidad a través de cambios en las especies dominantes. Se midió la diversidad α y β aditiva de plantas en 20 bofedales (&gt;4.400 m) de la Cordillera Real (Bolivia). Se encontraron 63 especies (riqueza especifica: 5-22/cuadrante 1m²). Variaciones del área e influencia glacial no se relacionaron con cambios en la vegetación, pero la diversidad fue menor a mayor altitud. Las hojas de Oxychloe andina son más resistentes al estrés ambiental por su mayor masa foliar seca, a diferencia de Distichia spp., indicando que los bofedales dominados por O. andina son más secos. Además tienen más especies que también se pueden encontrar en las laderas. Mientras, las comunidades de Distichia spp. son menos tolerantes al déficit hídrico. Si el retroceso glacial reducirá el agua en las próximas décadas, el bofedal de O. andina podrá ser más abundante a expensas de los de Distichia spp., generando desafíos para la conservación. Oxychloe andina , Retroceso glacial.</p>
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