Members of Piliocalyx Brongn. & Gris (Myrtaceae) from New Caledonia are transferred to, or given new names in, Syzygium Gaertn., including: Syzygium baudouinii (Brongn. & Gris) N. Snow, Byng & J.W. Dawson, Syzygium bullatum (Brongn. & Gris) N. Snow & Byng, Syzygium francii (Guillaumin) N. Snow, Byng & Munzinger, Syzygium ignambiense (Baker f.) N. Snow & Byng, Syzygium neoeugenioides (Guillaumin) N. Snow, Byng & J.W. Dawson, Syzygium neolaurifolium N. Snow & Byng, and Syzygium vieillardii N. Snow, Callm. & Byng. Diagnostic characters for all species, including Syzygium lifuanum Däniker and Syzygium viriosum Craven & Dawson, and a list of specimens confirmed for each species is included. Lectotypes are designated for Syzygium baudouinii, Syzygium bullatum, Syzygium neoeugenioides, Syzygium neolaurifolium, and Syzygium viriosum. Field photographs are provided for five of the species.