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              <p>LesBigdéfensinesd'invertébrésmarinssontdespetitesprotéinesantimicrobiennesdontlastructureparticulièrementoriginaleassocieundomaineN-terminalglobulaireàundomaineC-terminalsemblableauxβ-défensinesdevertébrés.LapremièreBigdéfensineaétédécritechez un chélicérate ancestral, la Limule. Depuis, ces molécules ont été identifiées dansdiverses espèces de mollusques bivalves, notamment les huitres chez lesquelles plusieursformes ont été décrites. Certaines de ces formes, comme la Cg-BigDef1, voient leurexpressiontrèsfortementinduiteenréponseàl'infectionmicrobienne,laissantsupposerunrôle majeur dans la défense antimicrobienne des huitres. Nous avons ici entrepris decaractériserl’activitéantimicrobiennedelaCg-BigDef1etdesesdeuxdomainesstructurauxisolés. Pour cela nous avons synthétisé les deux domaines et la molécule entière parsynthèse en phase solide et ligation native (NCL) en s’appuyant sur une méthodologierécemment développée pour la synthèse du partenaire thioester. Les résultats obtenusmontrent que la Cg-BigDef1 est microbicide sur un large spectre de bactéries et dechampignons filamenteux, incluant des pathogènes des huitres du genre Vibrio. NousobservonségalementdepuissantesactivitésantimicrobiennessurdessouchescliniquesdeStaphylocoques isolées de patients mucoviscidosiques et posant des problèmes demultirésistance aux antibiotiques (MRSA). Ces activités sont stables à salinité élevée.L’activitédesdeuxdomainesséparésestglobalement très faiblepar rapportàlamoléculeentièreetcesdeuxdomainesdéploientdesactivitéssynergiques.Enfin,auxconcentrationsminimales inhibitrices, laCg-BigDef1 induit seulement la perméabilisation desmembranesdesbactériesàGramnégatifalorsquesondomaineglobulaireN-terminalseulperméabiliselesmembranesdesbactériesàGrampositifetdesbactériesà Gramnégatif.</p>
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