Rapid recovery of life at ground zero of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction - Université de Montpellier
Article Dans Une Revue Nature Année : 2018

Rapid recovery of life at ground zero of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction

Jeremy Owens
  • Fonction : Auteur
Francisco Rodríguez-Tovar
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jan Smit
Phillipe Claeys
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sean Gulick
Joanna Morgan
Sophie Green
  • Fonction : Auteur
Elise Chenot
Gail Christeson
Marco Coolen
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ludovic Ferrière
David Kring
  • Fonction : Auteur
Johanna Lofi
Michael Poelchau
Ulrich Riller
Johan Vellekoop
  • Fonction : Auteur
Axel Wittmann
Long Xiao
  • Fonction : Auteur
Kosei Yamaguchi
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

The Cretaceous/Palaeogene mass extinction eradicated 76% of species on Earth. It was caused by the impact of an asteroid on the Yucatán carbonate platform in the southern Gulf of Mexico 66 million years ago, forming the Chicxulub impact crater. After the mass extinction, the recovery of the global marine ecosystem—measured as primary productivity—was geographically heterogeneous; export production in the Gulf of Mexico and North Atlantic–western Tethys was slower than in most other regions, taking 300 thousand years (kyr) to return to levels similar to those of the Late Cretaceous period. Delayed recovery of marine productivity closer to the crater implies an impact-related environmental control, such as toxic metal poisoning, on recovery times. If no such geographic pattern exists, the best explanation for the observed heterogeneity is a combination of ecological factors—trophic interactions, species incumbency and competitive exclusion by opportunists—and ‘chance’. The question of whether the post-impact recovery of marine productivity was delayed closer to the crater has a bearing on the predictability of future patterns of recovery in anthropogenically perturbed ecosystems. If there is a relationship between the distance from the impact and the recovery of marine productivity, we would expect recovery rates to be slowest in the crater itself. Here we present a record of foraminifera, calcareous nannoplankton, trace fossils and elemental abundance data from within the Chicxulub crater, dated to approximately the first 200 kyr of the Palaeocene. We show that life reappeared in the basin just years after the impact and a high-productivity ecosystem was established within 30 kyr, which indicates that proximity to the impact did not delay recovery and that there was therefore no impact-related environmental control on recovery. Ecological processes probably controlled the recovery of productivity after the Cretaceous/Palaeogene mass extinction and are therefore likely to be important for the response of the ocean ecosystem to other rapid extinction events.
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Dates et versions

hal-01849424 , version 1 (26-04-2024)

Identifiants

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Christopher Lowery, Timothy Bralower, Jeremy Owens, Francisco Rodríguez-Tovar, Heather Jones, et al.. Rapid recovery of life at ground zero of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Nature, 2018, 558 (7709), pp.288 - 291. ⟨10.1038/s41586-018-0163-6⟩. ⟨hal-01849424⟩
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