, WHO | Global tuberculosis report, p.27, 2014.

M. Pai, C. M. Denkinger, S. V. Kik, M. X. Rangaka, A. Zwerling et al., Gamma interferon release assays for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, Clin Microbiol Rev, vol.27, pp.3-20, 2014.

E. Borgström, P. Andersen, F. Atterfelt, I. Julander, G. Källenius et al., Immune responses to ESAT-6 and CFP-10 by FASCIA and multiplex technology for diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection; IP-10 is a promising marker, PloS One, vol.7, p.43438, 2012.

N. N. Chegou, J. Heyckendorf, G. Walzl, C. Lange, and M. Ruhwald, Beyond the IFN-? horizon: biomarkers for immunodiagnosis of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Eur Respir J, vol.43, pp.1472-1486, 2014.

S. Kim, H. Lee, H. Kim, Y. Kim, J. Cho et al., Diagnostic performance of a cytokine and IFN-?induced chemokine mRNA assay after Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigen stimulation in whole blood from infected individuals, J Mol Diagn JMD, vol.17, pp.90-99, 2015.

S. Mamishi, B. Pourakbari, M. Teymuri, P. Rubbo, E. Tuaillon et al., Diagnostic accuracy of IL-2 for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol, vol.33, pp.2111-2119, 2014.

S. Wang, N. Diao, C. Lu, J. Wu, Y. Gao et al., Evaluation of the diagnostic potential of IP-10 and IL-2 as biomarkers for the diagnosis of active and latent tuberculosis in a BCG-vaccinated population, PloS One, vol.7, p.51338, 2012.

T. Chen, J. Lin, W. Wang, J. Fleming, L. Chen et al., Cytokine and Antibody Based Diagnostic Algorithms for Sputum Culture-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis, PloS One, vol.10, p.144705, 2015.

I. A. Biraro, S. Kimuda, M. Egesa, S. Cose, E. L. Webb et al., The Use of Interferon Gamma Inducible Protein 10 as a Potential Biomarker in the Diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Uganda, PloS One, vol.11, p.146098, 2016.

M. Tebruegge, B. Dutta, S. Donath, N. Ritz, B. Forbes et al., Mycobacteria-Specific Cytokine Responses Detect Tuberculosis Infection and Distinguish Latent from Active Tuberculosis

, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, vol.192, pp.485-499, 2015.

P. Rubbo, N. Nagot, L. Moing, V. Brabet, M. Bourdin et al., Multicytokine detection improves latent tuberculosis diagnosis in health care workers, J Clin Microbiol, vol.50, pp.1711-1717, 2012.

C. L. Day, D. A. Abrahams, L. Lerumo, J. Van-rensburg, E. Stone et al., Functional capacity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T cell responses in humans is associated with mycobacterial load, J Immunol Baltim Md, vol.187, pp.2222-2232, 1950.

A. Harari, V. Rozot, B. Enders, F. Perreau, M. Stalder et al., Dominant TNF-?+ Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4+ T cell responses discriminate between latent infection and active disease, Nat Med, vol.17, pp.372-376, 2011.

S. Jenum, H. Grewal, D. A. Hokey, J. Kenneth, M. Vaz et al., The frequencies of IFN?+IL2 +TNF?+ PPD-specific CD4+CD45RO+ T-cells correlate with the magnitude of the QuantiFERON1 gold in-tube response in a prospective study of healthy indian adolescents, PloS One, vol.9, p.101224, 2014.

V. Sargentini, S. Mariotti, S. Carrara, M. C. Gagliardi, R. Teloni et al., Cytometric detection of antigen-specific IFN-gamma/IL-2 secreting cells in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, BMC Infect Dis, vol.9, p.99, 2009.

L. Masson, J. Passmore, L. J. Liebenberg, L. Werner, C. Baxter et al., Genital inflammation and the risk of HIV acquisition in women, Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am, vol.61, pp.260-269, 2015.

S. Wold, M. Sjöström, and L. Eriksson, PLS-regression: a basic tool of chemometrics, Chemom Intell Lab Syst, vol.58, pp.109-130, 2001.

W. Lew, M. Pai, O. Oxlade, D. Martin, and D. Menzies, Initial drug resistance and tuberculosis treatment outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis, Ann Intern Med, vol.149, pp.123-134, 2008.

Y. Kobashi, H. Shimizu, Y. Ohue, K. Mouri, Y. Obase et al., Comparison of T-cell interferongamma release assays for Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens in patients with active and latent tuberculosis, Lung, vol.188, pp.283-287, 2010.

T. W. Lavender, A. Barrett, J. Magee, and E. Ong, Interferon-? release assays in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis disease in a low-incident setting: a 5-year review of data, Clin Microbiol Infect Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, vol.19, pp.1078-1081, 2013.

C. Chee, T. Barkham, K. W. Khinmar, S. H. Gan, and Y. T. Wang, Quantitative T-cell interferon-gamma responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens in active and latent tuberculosis, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol, vol.28, pp.667-670, 2009.

D. I. Ling, M. Pai, V. Davids, L. Brunet, L. Lenders et al., Are interferon-? release assays useful for diagnosing active tuberculosis in a high-burden setting?, Eur Respir J, vol.38, pp.649-656, 2011.

K. M. Little, M. Pai, and D. W. Dowdy, Costs and Consequences of Using Interferon-? Release Assays for the Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis in India, PloS One, vol.10, p.124525, 2014.

J. Z. Metcalfe, C. K. Everett, K. R. Steingart, A. Cattamanchi, L. Huang et al., Interferon-? release assays for active pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis in adults in low-and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis, J Infect Dis, vol.204, 2011.

R. Biselli, S. Mariotti, V. Sargentini, I. Sauzullo, M. Lastilla et al., Detection of interleukin-2 in addition to interferon-gamma discriminates active tuberculosis patients, latently infected individuals, and controls, Clin Microbiol Infect Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, vol.16, pp.1282-1284, 2010.

F. Suter-riniker, A. Berger, D. Mayor, P. Bittel, P. Iseli et al., Clinical significance of interleukin-2/ gamma interferon ratios in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T-cell signatures, Clin Vaccine Immunol CVI, vol.18, pp.1395-1396, 2011.

K. M. Pollock, H. S. Whitworth, D. J. Montamat-sicotte, L. Grass, G. S. Cooke et al., T-cell immunophenotyping distinguishes active from latent tuberculosis, J Infect Dis, vol.208, pp.952-968, 2013.

V. Rozot, A. Patrizia, S. Vigano, J. Mazza-stalder, E. Idrizi et al., Combined use of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses is a powerful diagnostic tool of active tuberculosis, Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am, vol.60, pp.432-437, 2015.

C. L. Day, N. Mkhwanazi, S. Reddy, Z. Mncube, M. Van-der-stok et al., Detection of polyfunctional Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T cells and association with viral load in HIV-1-infected persons, J Infect Dis, vol.197, pp.990-999, 2008.

B. Abel, M. Tameris, N. Mansoor, S. Gelderbloem, J. Hughes et al., The novel tuberculosis vaccine, AERAS-402, induces robust and polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in adults, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, vol.181, pp.1407-1417, 2010.

N. Beveridge, D. A. Price, J. P. Casazza, A. A. Pathan, C. R. Sander et al., Immunisation with BCG and recombinant MVA85A induces long-lasting, polyfunctional Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4+ memory T lymphocyte populations, Eur J Immunol, vol.37, pp.3089-3100, 2007.

A. P. Soares, T. J. Scriba, S. Joseph, R. Harbacheuski, R. A. Murray et al., Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination of human newborns induces T cells with complex cytokine and phenotypic profiles, J Immunol Baltim Md, vol.180, pp.3569-3577, 1950.

H. Geldenhuys, H. Mearns, D. Miles, M. Tameris, D. Hokey et al., The tuberculosis vaccine H4: IC31 is safe and induces a persistent polyfunctional CD4 T cell response in South African adults: A randomized controlled trial, Vaccine, vol.33, pp.3592-3599, 2015.

N. Ritz, M. Strach, C. Yau, B. Dutta, M. Tebruegge et al., A comparative analysis of polyfunctional T cells and secreted cytokines induced by Bacille Calmette-Guérin immunisation in children and adults, PloS One, vol.7, p.37535, 2012.

C. E. Barry, H. I. Boshoff, V. Dartois, T. Dick, S. Ehrt et al., The spectrum of latent tuberculosis: rethinking the biology and intervention strategies, Nat Rev Microbiol, vol.7, pp.845-855, 2009.